凤凰大视野

现代全新旗舰轿车雅尊发布已收6万意向单_我的网站

奇皇后

一 | 出口量连创新高今年以来，我国汽车出口提速。中汽协数据显示，8月份，汽车企业出口30.8万辆，再创历史新高，首次实现单月出口超过30万辆。 DETROIT -- Detroit's three automakers have laid off roughly 4,800 workers at factories that are not among the plants that have been hit by the United Auto Workers strikes, which have lasted for nearly four weeks.The companies say the strikes have nevertheless forced them to impose those layoffs. They note that the job cuts have occurred mainly at factories that make parts for assembly plants that were closed by strikes. In one case, layoffs have been imposed at a factory that uses supplies from a parts factory on strike.The UAW rejects that argument. It contends that the layoffs are unjustified and were imposed as part of the companies' pressure campaign to persuade UAW members to accept less favorable terms in negotiations with automakers. The factories that have been affected by layoffs are in six states: Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York. Sam Fiorani, an analyst with AutoForecast Solutions, a consulting firm, said he thinks the layoffs reflect a simple reality: The automakers are losing money because of the strikes. By slowing or idling factories that are running below their capacities because of strike-related parts shortages, Fiorani said, the companies can mitigate further losses.“It doesn’t make sense to keep running at 30% or 40% of capacity when it normally runs at 100%,” he said. “We’re not looking at huge numbers of workers relative to the ones actually being struck. But there is fallout.”In a statement, Bryce Currie, vice president of Americas manufacturing at Ford, said: “While we are doing what we can to avoid layoffs, we have no choice but to reduce production of parts that would be destined for a plant that is on strike."UAW President Shawn Fain countered in a statement that the automakers were using layoffs to pressure the union into settling the strike. With billions in profits, Fain argued, the companies don’t have to lay off a single employee.The UAW began striking against General Motors, Ford and Stellantis on Sept. 15, with one assembly plant from each company. The next week, the union expanded the strike to 38 GM and Stellantis parts warehouses. Assembly plants from Ford and GM were added the week after that. All told, about 25,000 workers have walked off their jobs at the three automakers. Striking workers are receiving $500 a week from the union’s strike pay fund. By contrast, anyone who is laid off would qualify for state unemployment aid, which, depending on a variety of circumstances, could be less or more than $500 a week. “Their plan won’t work,” Fain said. “The UAW will make sure any worker laid off in the Big Three’s latest attack will not go without an income.”GM said it has laid off 2,330 workers, including 1,600 at a temporarily closed assembly plant in Kansas City, Kansas, that makes the Chevrolet Malibu sedan and Cadillac XT4 small SUV. The plant uses metal parts produced at the GM plant in Wentzville, Missouri, which is on strike. Other GM facilities that have been affected by layoffs are in Lockport, New York; Toledo, Ohio; Marion, Indiana; Parma, Ohio; and Lansing, Michigan.Ford said it has laid off 1,865 workers. They include 600 auto-body and parts-stamping employees in Wayne, Michigan, who are not on strike but who have been affected by a nearby assembly plant that has been struck. Other Ford locations with layoffs include Chicago; Sterling Heights and Livonia, Michigan; and Cleveland and Lima, Ohio. Stellantis said late Monday that it had laid off about 640 workers, including 520 at an engine factory complex in Trenton, Michigan, that supplies a Jeep plant in Toledo, Ohio, that is on strike. Other locations with layoffs include a metal casting plant in Kokomo, Indiana, and a machining factory in Toledo. Fiorani said that if the strike widens, more workers will likely be laid off at non-striking plants. Once metal stamping factories that supply multiple assembly plants have produced enough parts for non-striking facilities, the companies would likely shut them down.“Once you've filled up the stocks for the other plants you supply," he said, “you have to lay off the workers and wait out the strike.”Separate companies that manufacture parts for the automakers are likely to have laid off workers but might not report them publicly, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of the Anderson Economic Group in Lansing, Michigan. A survey of parts supply companies by a trade association called MEMA Original Equipment Suppliers found that 30% of members have laid off workers and that more than 60% expect to start layoffs in mid-October.Fiorani said that while larger parts suppliers can likely withstand the strike, smaller companies that make parts for the bigger companies might not have enough cash or the ability to borrow to outlast the job actions. Some, he said, may have a couple dozen workers “and don't have billions in value to use as collateral in loans,” he said. Thus far, the union has decided to target a small number of plants from each company rather than have all 146,000 UAW members at the automakers go on strike at the same time.Last week, the union reported progress in the talks and decided not to add any more plants. This came after GM agreed to bring joint-venture electric vehicle battery factories into the national master contract, almost assuring that the plants will be unionized.Battery plants are a major point of contention in the negotiations. The UAW wants those plants to be unionized to assure jobs and top wages for workers who will be displaced by the industry's ongoing transition to electric vehicles.。今年前8月，汽车企业出口181.7万辆，同比增长52.8%。分车型看，前8月，乘用车出口144.6万辆，同比增长56.4%；商用车出口37.1万辆，同比增长40.2%。中汽协副总工程师许海东告诉记者，乘用车主要包括轿车、SUV和MPV等车型，目前我国SUV在国际市场的比较优势相对明显。自主品牌车企是我国汽车出口的生力军。前8月，上汽集团海外出口及海外基地销售量累计达到57.99万辆，同比增长56.67%；8月份，上汽集团海外销量高达10.1万辆，同比增长65.7%，占总销量近20%。前8月，奇瑞集团出口累计超25万辆，同比增长51.1%，占总销量的三分之一。

二 | 业内人士分析，在上汽和奇瑞销售结构中，出口份额占比已达20%至40%，这是一个前所未有的成就，越来越多车企正从“中国的车企”迈向“世界级车企”。从出口目的地看，海外市场分布更为稳定和集中，形成亚洲、拉丁美洲和欧洲三足鼎立的格局。得益于中国汽车工业实力增强、产业链相对完整以及性价比优势，近年来，中国汽车在部分国家和地区的细分市场已经形成较强影响力。新能源汽车领跑在全球推进汽车电动化的背景下，中国新能源汽车在海外市场的表现同样可圈可点。中汽协数据显示，今年以来，我国新能源汽车出口持续增长。前8月，新能源汽车出口34.1万辆，同比增长97.4%，对汽车出口贡献率达到了26.7%。值得关注的是，与传统燃油车不同，新能源汽车主要出口到发达国家市场。据统计，出口到发达国家的销量占比高达85.6%。比亚迪唐和汉、东风风光ix5、小鹏G3、爱驰U5、赛力斯3等国产自主品牌乘用车电动车型先后出口欧洲；宇通、金龙、比亚迪等新能源客车产品在欧美、中东也有很好表现。与此同时，中国新能源汽车走出国门也不再沿袭“低价换市场”的老路。许海东介绍，2021年，出海欧洲的自主品牌新能源汽车平均单价为3万美元(约合人民币20.2万元)，表明自主品牌在海外市场已经具备一定话语权。蔚来汽车董事长李斌告诉记者，蔚来汽车的挪威订单需求超出预期，在所有订单中，92%的用户选择了BaaS。蔚来的产品、服务和创新商业模式不仅适用中国市场，在全球市场上也具有其独特价值和优势。许海东认为，我国新能源汽车出口之所以能保持较高增速，与竞争力不断提升密不可分。

三 | 近年来，我国明确了新能源汽车发展方向，不断完善相关规划和政策体系，为新能源汽车产业提供了良好的发展环境。新能源汽车行业依托国内拥有超大规模市场优势，在相对完整产业链支撑下，制造水平持续提升。同时，随着“双碳”发展理念的普及，国际市场对新能源汽车的需求也快速增长。

四 | 麦肯锡在一份报告中指出，中国电动车领军企业具有明显优势，拥有极具未来感的内饰设计，以及丰富的车联网功能。

五 | 欧洲车企如果想匹配同样的能力，报价则要高得多。“走出去”需长期规划中汽协预测，今年我国汽车出口有望超过240万辆，销量占比有望逼近10%，成为我国汽车产销量的重要组成部分。实际上，根据前8个月数据，240万辆的预测或许有些保守。

六 | 中汽协常务副会长兼秘书长付炳锋表示，在汽车产业逐步回归正轨后，仍需关注制约产业发展的诸多不确定性因素。比如，国际环境更趋复杂严峻，世界经济复苏放缓，全球通胀压力居高不下，以及动力电池原材料价格出现上涨苗头、国内疫情多点散发等多重因素为产业链供应链带来不确定性，需要行业密切关注并及时采取有效应对措施。

七 | 除了外部环境，汽车出海还面临着新的挑战。中国机电产品进出口商会汽车分会孙晓红认为，在各方对行业高速发展寄予美好期望的同时，也应该清醒地看到，目前我国汽车产品贸易的主要方式还停留在一般贸易阶段，海外投资设厂规模远不及跨国汽车制造商，配套供应链自主性和品牌影响力仍在建设之中，不能仅靠出口数据来评价一国汽车产品的竞争力。由单纯的贸易模式，向品牌“走出去”模式转变，正成为部分中国车企出海的新目标。9月16日，蔚来在匈牙利佩斯州投资建设的蔚来能源欧洲工厂完成首座换电站下线，这是蔚来在海外建设的第一座工厂，也是蔚来加电产品的欧洲制造中心、服务中心和研发中心。