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一 |     Colombo, Oct 20 (UNI) Amid growing criticism, Sri Lankan President Ranil Wickremesinghe has justified a hike in income tax for both corporates and individuals, saying it was for the greater good of the country and critical to garner much needed financial support from the international community.
In an address to the nation, the President said the International Monetary Fund (IMF) with which the government has signed a Staff Level Agreement for a $2.9 billion four-year financial support, advised the need for a surplus in Sri Lanka’s primary budget, the Daily FT reported on Thursday.
“It was agreed to since the country needs the support of the IMF,” he was quoted him as saying.
“It was also decided to increase the country’s income from 8.5 per cent to 14.5 per cent of the GDP. However, it is a difficult task to accomplish immediately, it is envisaged to achieve this by 2026.
"Initially, a decision had to be taken on the manner in which the income is to be increased. Money was printed due to the decrease in income. During the past two years, Rs. 2,300 billion has been printed, resulting in inflation rising to 70-75 per cent and even more in respect of food inflation," he said.
Wickremesinghe said these increases need to be controlled, while securing income. Therefore, during the discussions with the IMF a new tax system was proposed. The IMF informed that even the export industries would be required to pay taxes.
The IMF pointed out that in countries with an export economy, the related industries were liable for tax. The IMF also upheld that Sri Lanka’s primary export economy is based on the plantation industry.
During British rule, taxes were charged from every plantation sector, including tea, coconut and rubber. Therefore, if the country has to move towards that goal, taxes will have to be paid. The export sector has now questioned this aspect and the related concerns are to be submitted to the IMF.
Referring to the issue of higher personal income taxation, the President said the majority of tax revenue was through indirect taxation. The majority of the country’s citizens, even those below the poverty line, had no choice but to pay indirect taxes, the President said.
The direct tax revenue was 20 per cent and 80 per cent has been derived from indirect taxes.
The IMF had reservations in this regard and said the amount of tax obtained through direct taxes should exceed 20 per cent. The IMF noted that otherwise this would not be successful and ordinary citizens would need to pay taxes, the President said.
Therefore, the Treasury and the IMF discussed the possibility of limiting the taxation from those who have an income of Rs. 200,000, which did not materialise. Eventually, this resulted in the decision to levy income tax on people earning over 100,000. This has become a vital concern amongst citizens.
But without this tax system, the desired goal will not be achieved. The agreed goal is to achieve 14.5-15 per cent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) revenue by 2026, Wickremesinghe said.
If Sri Lanka withdraws from this programme, IMF assistance will not be received. Without IMF certification, the support of institutions such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and the countries that have supported financially will not be forthcoming. Then, Sri Lanka will be back to the era of queues, he warned.
In his address, Wickremesinghe also said the Government was ready to implement prudent economic management after successful debt restructuring.
He noted that it was not possible to strengthen the economy without increasing the revenue of the country, which will compel him to reluctantly make tough decisions in order to rebuild the nation.
The President pointed out how in November 2019, the country’s taxes were drastically reduced, reducing the government revenue to 8.5 per cent. This was when the IMF set aside the agreements with Colombo and declared that it was unable to provide the agreed assistance.
"That year the government lost approximately Rs. 600-700 billion as revenue. Simultaneously, the country had to face the Covid-19 pandemic. These issues are the main factors that led to the collapse of Sri Lanka’s economy.
"The country at this juncture is facing a difficult period. Expectedly tough decisions have to be taken during these difficult times. I undertook this challenge when no one else was willing to come forward."
UNI MR。    8月15日，我国第二部法典《中华人民共和国生态环境法典》正式施行。当日，全国首例适用生态环境法典审理的噪声污染责任纠纷案在浙江省衢州市衢江区人民法院开庭并当庭宣判。案件原告章女士系涉案被告一楼水产商铺相邻的二楼住户。一楼水产商铺因经营所需，相关设备全天候24小时不间断运转，持续产生低频振动噪声，造成章女士睡眠严重受损。（据《光明日报》8月16日报道）一场由噪声而起的邻里纷争，因一部法典的施行，被赋予非常意义。

二 | 全国首例适用生态环境法典审理的噪声污染责任纠纷案的价值，在于打破了生态环境侵权“唯超标论”——即便噪声数值未触红线，只要生产经营活动持续干扰群众正常生活，依然有可能构成噪声污染。

三 | 一纸判决，胜过千言万语。生态环境法典所守护的，既有绿水青山，也有烟火日常。这一判例也在提醒每一个人：我们与生态的关系，从来不是单向的索取，而是受益与守护的统一。“生态保护人人有责”，要真正从墙上的标语成为自觉的行动。生态环境法典以严谨的条文，回应着大众最真切的困扰与诉求。

四 | 楼下餐馆油烟顺着窗缝钻进来，商圈LED大屏彻夜亮如白昼，小区广场的音响在休息时段依然高亢……这些看似琐碎的烦恼，都是群众的痛点。生态环境法典将油烟管控、噪声治理、光污染规制、垃圾分类等问题全部纳入法治框架，让很多以往“说不清、管不了、治不好”的难题，有了明确的法律答案。窗前那一缕清净，深夜那一份安宁，脚下那一片整洁，如今都成为每个人可以主张的法定权益。生态环境是最普惠的公共福祉，守护它要靠法律，也需要每个人在日常生活中的自律与担当。这份自律与担当，于小区居民而言，是守住行为的边界，不深夜制造噪声、不乱扔乱倒生活垃圾；于街边商户而言，是主动做好设备降噪、油烟净化；于上班族而言，是优先选择绿色出行，节约水电纸张，尽量少用一次性用品；于游客而言，是文明游览，不随意践踏植被，不随意丢弃废弃物，守护山水景观的干净秀美。当越来越多的人迈出这一步，生态环境保护就会有更加坚实的社会根基。良法善治，重在落地。从守护绿水青山，到化解邻里“纠纷”，这部有力度、有温度的法典让生态保护正在融入我们的生活日常。人人牢记受益者与守护者的双重身份，主动学法、自觉守法、积极用法，把对自然的敬畏和对家园的爱护融入一言一行，人与自然和谐共生的美丽画卷必将更好铺展。

五 | （蔡晓辉）。

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Published on:06:57:12