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美媒记者狠批:美国车企被关税保护得太安逸,恐惧中国竞争_我的网站

中二病

A |     

“关税和怯懦正让美国汽车制造商陷入绝境”,美国彭博社气候和能源领域专栏作家戴维·菲克林5月11日以此为题撰写专栏文章,狠批美国车企安于现状,面对电气化转型这一“世纪变革”时“令人吃惊地丧失了勇气”,害怕中国电动汽车崛起带来的巨大变化,并利用“虚假数据”向政客游说以提高对华关税。
菲克林称,就在18个月前,美国总统拜登还在庆祝《通货膨胀削减法》(IRA)的通过,声称将采取“有史以来最积极的行动”应对气候危机、加强能源安全,美国汽车企业和工人“正投入数十亿美元和大量辛勤工作与智慧制造电动汽车和电池”,但如今那种“我能做到”的乐观精神似乎已成为遥远的记忆。
美国福特汽车宣布将减少电池供应商的订单,这也是其削减120亿美元电动汽车支出计划的一部分。

B |     Texas Governor Greg Abbott has authorized his state’s National Guard and the Department of Public Safety to detain migrants who illegally cross the border between ports of entry and return them to US-Mexican border entry points.,The federal government is normally responsible for enforcement of immigration; Governor Abbott stressed in an executive order announced on Thursday that while US President Joe Biden “refuses to do his job and enforce the immigration laws enacted by Congress, the State of Texas is once again stepping up and taking unprecedented action to protect Americans and secure” the US southern border.,The governor referred to the US Constitution, which he said stipulates that the country “shall protect each [State in this Union] against [a border] invasion.”,The announcement comes after former Trump administration official Ken Cuccinelli said he wanted Abbott to declare an invasion and enact a Title 42-style program, which envisages migrants being “repealed at the border” and automatically turned away.,Cuccinelli’s remarks followed US authorities saying in late June that at least 51 migrants had died after being trapped inside a sweltering tractor-trailer truck found abandoned in Texas. The deceased 39 men and 12 women were discovered on the outskirts of San Antonio, in what became one of the deadliest human trafficking tragedies in recent history.,At the time, Abbott pointed the finger at the “open border policy”, pursued by Biden, who in turn said that the incident “underscores the need to go after the multi-billion dollar criminal smuggling industry preying on migrants and leading to far too many innocent deaths.”,The Biden administration is grappling with increasing border arrivals as US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) data revealed in mid-June that that Border Patrol agents apprehended 239,416 illegal migrants on the US southern border in May, a new record high.,'Doing Nothing': Border Patrol Union Chief Rips Biden Migrant Policies for 'Benefiting Smugglers'2 April, 14:25 GMT,This year, the number of illegal migrants detained every month on the US’ southern border hit two record highs, in March and April, 222,339 and 235,478, respectively, according to CBP.,In a separate development in March, Biden told migrants not to come to US, insisting that there had been a surge in immigration "in the last two years", but that that the current rise "could be" worse.,Former US President Donald Trump, for his part, argued at the time that Biden had "eroded" the successful system that Trump had put in place, and that his policies "were working better than they have ever seen on the southern border.",The crisis on the US southern border began almost immediately after Biden took office in January 2021 and revoked Trump-era immigration policies, including the 45th president’s signature border wall and the “Remain in Mexico” program. Other measures, including promises to “restore and expand” the US asylum system, and to potentially provide a “path to citizenship” for more than 11 million undocumented immigrants already residing in the US, led to a further surge in entry attempts.。

美国通用汽车已连续两年未能实现电气化目标。这家曾立志在全球每五辆汽车中生产一辆电动汽车的公司,去年的电动汽车出货量不到7.6万辆,相当于全球1400万辆汽车销量的1/200。
美国电动汽车制造商特斯拉正在裁减10%的员工,并解散了一个充电业务团队,而整个行业都在依赖特斯拉的超级充电站提供移动充电选择。今年迄今为止,特斯拉股价已下跌32%。
美国第一季度电动汽车销量同比仅增长2.6%,与2022年和2023年同期81%和46%的增长率相去甚远。

C | 文章形容,汽车分析师们对每一次远离电池动力的举动都“欢呼雀跃”……

与此同时,文章指出,美国却正在切断自己与“世界上唯一一个似乎正在无缝过渡到电动汽车的地方”的联系,这个地方既拥有价格低于1万美元的紧凑型电动汽车,也有不到3万美元的光鲜亮丽的运动型电动汽车。

D | 彭博社10日报道,拜登计划下周宣布对中国清洁技术征收新的关税,《华尔街日报》称,其核心内容将是将对华电动汽车关税提高三倍至100%。

“面对21世纪最大的挑战,美国正在放弃。”菲克林写道,“我们正在目睹的是一个曾经以资本主义饥渴创造了现代汽车工业的国家令人吃惊地丧失了勇气。

E | ”

他提到,在从2008年金融危机中复苏的漫长过程中,美国“汽车城”底特律逐渐放弃了曾令其成为去安丘鳌头的汽车工业。2008年,福特在北美以外的的部门占据了其总资产的三分之一,去年这一比例更降至15%以下。通用汽车此前将自20世纪20年代以来持有的欧洲品牌出售给斯特兰蒂斯旗下的新兴品牌。

F |

文章毫不留情地批评道:“在一个受距离和关税保护的市场中感到舒适,对电气化和中国竞争所带来的痛苦转变感到恐惧,许多美国车企高管愿意相信,整个能源转型只是一场噩梦。”
菲克林在文中特别提到近日受到热议的一个数字:彭博社11日引述福特汽车一名匿名消息人士的话报道称,福特第一季度每卖出一辆电动汽车的亏损超过10万美元。
“这个数字被反复提及,但仍令人怀疑。”在他看来,这是一项“虚假数据”,因为它是根据美国公认会计原则(US GAAP),而非几乎世界各地都使用的国际财务报告准则(IFRS)计算的,前者将研究电气化改革时投入的“一次性成本”视作持续的年度支出,后者将其视作投资。
“这是荒谬的,就好像这种研发支出的激增不会给未来几十年将销售的数千万辆电动汽车带来任何好处一样。”那美国车企为何要将这种“虚假数据”告知公众呢?菲克林分析,这只能说明许多美国车企的文化中存在着对变革的深深反感,并希望通过这些数字影响政府的决定。
他提到,当传统车企将大笔收入投入到年轻的电动汽车团队进行研发,不免让不少长期在内燃机部门工作、且部门缺乏研发资金的“老人”感到自己成为了年轻血液的“摇钱树”。

G |

“如果你是一名高管,对潜在中国竞争对手正在开发的新型电动车型的价格和质量感到恐惧,那么这些数字就是说服政客进一步提高关税的有效途径——至少在你度过每家汽车制造商在电气化转型过程中都要经历的‘生产地狱’阶段之前是这样。”
文章表示,危险在于,通往保护主义和企业怯懦的这扇大门打开比关上更难。菲克林形容,美国车企就像“孤岛上的鸟儿”,正在不断进化以适应一个奇怪的环境,在这样的环境中,它们可以在没有饥饿对手竞争的情况下做大做强,但渐渐地将失去飞翔的能力。

H |

文章指出,在此情况下,那些希望买到物美价廉、清洁、创新汽车的美国消费者将成为输家,这恰恰与拜登的“宣言”相反。菲克林写道:“拜登在宣布《通货膨胀削减法》时宣称:‘美国人民赢了,特殊利益集团输了。

I | ’越来越多的情况看起来恰恰相反。”

Current article:http://www.mengruanpianchengji.cyou/news/20260826_8529.docx

Published on:17:30:55


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